Featured Journal Content

Pediatrics
December 2018, VOLUME 142 / ISSUE 6
http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/142/6?current-issue=y
From the American Academy of Pediatrics
The Effects of Armed Conflict on Children
Sherry Shenoda, Ayesha Kadir, Shelly Pitterman, Jeffrey Goldhagen, SECTION ON INTERNATIONAL CHILD HEALTH
Pediatrics Dec 2018, 142 (6) e20182585; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2018-2585
Abstract
Children are increasingly exposed to armed conflict and targeted by governmental and nongovernmental combatants. Armed conflict directly and indirectly affects children’s physical, mental, and behavioral health. It can affect every organ system, and its impact can persist throughout the life course. In addition, children are disproportionately impacted by morbidity and mortality associated with armed conflict. A children’s rights–based approach provides a framework for collaboration by the American Academy of Pediatrics, child health professionals, and national and international partners to respond in the domains of clinical care, systems development, and policy formulation. The American Academy of Pediatrics and child health professionals have critical and synergistic roles to play in the global response to the impact of armed conflict on children.

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The Effects of Armed Conflict on Children
Ayesha Kadir, Sherry Shenoda, Jeffrey Goldhagen, Shelly Pitterman, SECTION ON INTERNATIONAL CHILD HEALTH
Pediatrics Dec 2018, 142 (6) e20182586; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2018-2586
Abstract
More than 1 in 10 children worldwide are affected by armed conflict. The effects are both direct and indirect and are associated with immediate and long-term harm. The direct effects of conflict include death, physical and psychological trauma, and displacement. Indirect effects are related to a large number of factors, including inadequate and unsafe living conditions, environmental hazards, caregiver mental health, separation from family, displacement-related health risks, and the destruction of health, public health, education, and economic infrastructure. Children and health workers are targeted by combatants during attacks, and children are recruited or forced to take part in combat in a variety of ways. Armed conflict is both a toxic stress and a significant social determinant of child health. In this Technical Report, we review the available knowledge on the effects of armed conflict on children and support the recommendations in the accompanying Policy Statement on children and armed conflict.

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State-of-the-Art Review Article
Ethical Issues in Gender-Affirming Care for Youth
Laura L. Kimberly, Kelly McBride Folkers, Phoebe Friesen, Darren Sultan, Gwendolyn P. Quinn, Alison Bateman-House, Brendan Parent, Craig Konnoth, Aron Janssen, Lesha D. Shah, Rachel Bluebond-Langner, Caroline Salas-Humara
Pediatrics Dec 2018, 142 (6) e20181537; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2018-1537
In this review, we identify and assess the ethical issues associated with providing gender-affirming care to TGNC youth.