Social Science & Medicine
Volume 157, Pages 1-192 (May 2016)
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/02779536/156

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Commentary
What does India need to do to address childhood malnutrition at scale?
Pages 186-188
Zulfiqar A. Bhutta

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Improving household-level nutrition-specific and nutrition–sensitive conditions key to reducing child undernutrition in India
Pages 189-192
Daniel J. Corsi, Iván Mejía-Guevara, S.V. Subramanian

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Regular Articles
Risk factors for chronic undernutrition among children in India: Estimating relative importance, population attributable risk and fractions
Original Research Article
Pages 165-185
Daniel J. Corsi, Iván Mejía-Guevara, S.V. Subramanian
Highlights
:: Research on risk factors for child undernutrition has been single-factorial and downstream.
:: We assessed the relative and joint contribution of multiple factors for growth and development.
:: Maternal stature, education, household wealth, dietary diversity, and maternal BMI were the top 5 risk factors.
:: Together these five 5 factors accounted for more than 65% of the PAR for child undernutrition.
:: Strategies focused on social circumstances and direct investments in nutrition specific-programs are required.

Tropical Medicine & International Health
June 2016 Volume 21, Issue 6 Pages 691–817
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/tmi.2016.21.issue-6/issuetoc

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Gender and age disparities in adult undernutrition in northern Uganda: high-risk groups not targeted by food aid programmes (pages 807–817)
Stine Schramm, Felix Ocaka Kaducu, Siri Aas Smedemark, Emilio Ovuga and Morten Sodemann
Version of Record online: 16 MAY 2016 | DOI: 10.1111/tmi.12708
Abstract
Objective
To determine the prevalence of adult malnutrition and associated risk factors in a post-conflict area of northern Uganda.
Methods
A cross-sectional community survey was performed from September 2011 to June 2013. All registered residents in Gulu Health and Demographic Surveillance System aged 15 years and older were considered eligible. Trained field assistants collected anthropometric measurements (weight and height) and administered questionnaires with information on sociodemographic characteristics, food security, smoking and alcohol. Nutritional status was classified by body mass index.
Results
In total, 2062 men and 2924 women participated and were included in the analyses. The prevalence of underweight was 22.3% for men and 16.0% for women, whereas the prevalence of overweight was 1.5% for men and 7.6% for women. In men, underweight was associated with younger (15–19 years) and older age (>55 years) (P < 0.001), being divorced/separated [odds ratio (OR) = 1.91 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.21–2.99] and smoking (OR = 2.13, 95% CI: 1.67–2.73). For women, underweight was associated with older age (P < 0.001) and hungry-gap rainy season (May–July) (OR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.04–1.69). Widowed or divorced/separated women were not more likely to be underweight. No association was found between education, alcohol consumption or food security score and underweight.
Conclusions
Our findings are not in line with the conventional target groups in nutritional programmes and highlight the importance of continuous health and nutritional assessments of all population groups that reflect local social determinants and family structures.

Tropical Medicine & International Health
June 2016 Volume 21, Issue 6 Pages 691–817
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/tmi.2016.21.issue-6/issuetoc

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Ethical challenges in designing and conducting medicine quality surveys (pages 799–806)
Patricia Tabernero, Michael Parker, Raffaella Ravinetto, Souly Phanouvong, Shunmay Yeung, Freddy E. Kitutu, Phaik Yeong Cheah, Mayfong Mayxay, Philippe J. Guerin and Paul N. Newton
Version of Record online: 20 MAY 2016 | DOI: 10.1111/tmi.12707
Abstract
Objectives
In this paper we discuss the main ethical challenges related to the conduct of medicine quality surveys and make suggestions on how to address them.
Method
Most evidence-based information regarding medicine quality derives from surveys. However, existing research ethical guidelines do not provide specific guidance for medicine quality surveys. Hence, those conducting surveys are often left wondering how to judge what counts as best practice. A list of the main ethical challenges in the design and conduct of surveys is presented.
Results and conclusions
It is vital that the design and conduct of medicine quality surveys uphold moral and ethical obligations and analyse the ethical implications and consequences of such work. These aspects include the impact on the local availability of and access to medicines; the confidentiality and privacy of the surveyors and the surveyed; questions as to whether outlet staff personnel should be told they are part of a survey; the need of ethical and regulatory approvals; and how the findings should be disseminated. Medicine quality surveys should ideally be conducted in partnership with the relevant national Medicine Regulatory Authorities. An international, but contextually sensitive, model of good ethical practice for such surveys is needed.

Tropical Medicine & International Health
June 2016 Volume 21, Issue 6 Pages 691–817
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/tmi.2016.21.issue-6/issuetoc

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Reviews
Tuberculosis and diabetes: current state and future perspectives (pages 694–702)
Damiano Pizzol, Francesco Di Gennaro, Kajal D. Chhaganlal, Claudia Fabrizio, Laura Monno, Giovanni Putoto and Annalisa Saracino
Version of Record online: 18 MAY 2016 | DOI: 10.1111/tmi.12704
Abstract
This review outlines the association between tuberculosis and diabetes, focusing on epidemiology, physiopathology, clinical aspects, diagnosis and treatment, and evaluates future perspectives, with particular attention to developing countries.

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Mortality risk and associated factors in HIV-exposed, uninfected children (pages 720–734)
Shino Arikawa, Nigel Rollins, Marie-Louise Newell and Renaud Becquet
Version of Record online: 19 APR 2016 | DOI: 10.1111/tmi.12695
Abstract
Objective
With increasing maternal antiretroviral treatment (ART), the number of children newly infected with HIV has declined. However, the possible increased mortality in the large number of HIV-exposed, uninfected (HEU) children may be of concern. We quantified mortality risks among HEU children and reviewed associated factors.
Methods
Systematic search of electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus). We included all studies reporting mortality of HEU children to age 60 months and associated factors. Relative risk of mortality between HEU and HIV-unexposed, uninfected (HUU) children was extracted where relevant. Inverse variance methods were used to adjust for study size. Random-effects models were fitted to obtain pooled estimates.
Results
A total of 14 studies were included in the meta-analysis and 13 in the review of associated factors. The pooled cumulative mortality in HEU children was 5.5% (95% CI: 4.0–7.2; I2 = 94%) at 12 months (11 studies) and 11.0% (95% CI: 7.6–15.0; I2 = 93%) at 24 months (four studies). The pooled risk ratios for the mortality in HEU children compared to HUU children in the same setting were 1.9 (95% CI: 0.9–3.8; I2 = 93%) at 12 months (four studies) and 2.4 (95% CI: 1.1–5.1; I2 = 93%) at 24 months (three studies).
Conclusion
Compared to HUU children, mortality risk in HEU children was about double at both age points, although the association was not statistically significant at 12 months. Interpretation of the pooled estimates is confounded by considerable heterogeneity between studies. Further research is needed to characterise the impact of maternal death and breastfeeding on the survival of HEU infants in the context of maternal ART, where current evidence is limited.

UN Chronicle
LIII No. 1 2016 May 2016
http://unchronicle.un.org/

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Humanitarian Action: A Shared Responsibility
This issue provides a variety of perspectives on improving the international humanitarian system, along with personal reflections on recovering from natural and human-induced disasters. It was planned as a way to support the objectives of the first-ever World Humanitarian Summit (Istanbul, Turkey, 23–24 May 2016).

World Heritage Review
n°79 – April 2016
http://whc.unesco.org/en/review/79/

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Planet at the Crossroads
From 1 to 10 September 2016, thousands of leaders and decision-makers from government, civil society, indigenous peoples, business and academia will gather together in Honolulu (Hawaii) to share ideas on how to improve the ways we manage the natural environment for human, social and economic development. Held every four years, the IUCN World Conservation Congress (WCC) focuses on joint progress in ways to protect biodiversity, a crucial factor in addressing some of our greatest challenges today, such as tackling climate change and achieving food security.

The Sentinel

Human Rights Action :: Humanitarian Response :: Health ::
Holistic Development :: Sustainable Resilience
__________________________________________________
Week ending 4 June 2016

This weekly digest is intended to aggregate and distill key content from a broad spectrum of practice domains and organization types including key agencies/IGOs, NGOs, governments, academic and research institutions, consortia and collaborations, foundations, and commercial organizations. We also monitor a spectrum of peer-reviewed journals and general media channels. The Sentinel’s geographic scope is global/regional but selected country-level content is included. We recognize that this spectrum/scope yields an indicative and not an exhaustive product. Comments and suggestions should be directed to:

David R. Curry
Editor &
Founding Managing Director
GE2P2 – Center for Governance, Evidence, Ethics, Policy, Practice
david.r.curry@ge2p2center.net

pdf version: The Sentinel_ week ending 4 June 201

:: Journal Watch

The Sentinel will track key peer-reviewed journals which address a broad range of interests in human rights, humanitarian response, health and development. It is not intended to be exhaustive. We will add to those monitored below as we encounter relevant content and upon recommendation from readers. We selectively provide full text of abstracts and other content but note that successful access to some of the articles and other content may require subscription or other access arrangement unique to the publisher. Please suggest additional journals you feel warrant coverage.

BMC Health Services Research
http://www.biomedcentral.com/bmchealthservres/content
(Accessed 4 June 2016)

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Research article
Perspectives of frontline health workers on Ghana’s National Health Insurance Scheme before and after community engagement interventions
Barely a decade after introduction of Ghana’s National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS), significant successes have been recorded in universal access to basic healthcare services. However, sustainability of the …
Robert Kaba Alhassan, Edward Nketiah-Amponsah, Nicole Spieker, Daniel Kojo Arhinful and Tobias F. Rinke de Wit
BMC Health Services Research 2016 16:192
Published on: 28 May 2016

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
http://www.biomedcentral.com/bmcpregnancychildbirth/content
(Accessed 4 June 2016)

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Research article
Can a community health worker administered postnatal checklist increase health-seeking behaviors and knowledge?: evidence from a randomized trial with a private maternity facility in Kiambu County, Kenya
Since the 2009 WHO and UNICEF recommendation that women receive home-based postnatal care within the first three days after birth, a growing number of low-income countries have explored integrating postnatal h…
Margaret McConnell, Allison Ettenger, Claire Watt Rothschild, Faith Muigai and Jessica Cohen
BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:136
Published on: 4 June 2016

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Research article
Factors associated with postnatal care utilisation in Rwanda: A secondary analysis of 2010 Demographic and Health Survey data
Postnatal care (PNC) in the first seven days is important for preventing morbidity and mortality in mothers and new-borns. Sub-Saharan African countries, which account for 62 % of maternal deaths globally, hav…
Bernard N. Rwabufigiri, Judith Mukamurigo, Dana R. Thomson, Bethany L. Hedt-Gautier and Jean Paul S. Semasaka
BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2016 16:122
Published on: 31 May 2016

BMC Public Health
http://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles
(Accessed 4 June 2016)
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Research article
Early mortality from external causes in Aboriginal mothers: a retrospective cohort study
Maternal loss can have a deep-rooted impact on families. Whilst a disproportionate number of Aboriginal women die from potentially preventable causes, no research has investigated mortality in Aboriginal mothe…
Jenny Fairthorne, Roz Walker, Nick de Klerk and Carrington Shepherd
BMC Public Health 2016 16:461
Published on: 1 June 2016

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Research article
Greek health professionals’ perceptions of the HPV vaccine, state policy recommendations and their own role with regards to communication of relevant health information
Every year in Europe 60,000 women develop cervical cancer and 30,000 die from the disease. HPV vaccines are currently believed to constitute an important element of cervical cancer control strategy. Currently …
Christina Karamanidou and Kostas Dimopoulos
BMC Public Health 2016 16:467
Published on: 3 June 2016
Abstract
Background
Every year in Europe 60,000 women develop cervical cancer and 30,000 die from the disease. HPV vaccines are currently believed to constitute an important element of cervical cancer control strategy. Currently in Greece, the HPV vaccine is given on demand after prescription by a healthcare professional. Health care professionals’ role is key as they are in a position to discuss HPV vaccination with parents, adolescents and young women. This study is aiming to explore health care professionals’ perceptions of the HPV vaccine, state policy recommendations and their own role with regards to communication of relevant health information.
Methods
This was an in-depth, qualitative study, employing a stratified, purposeful sampling. Fifteen face-to-face, semi-structured interviews were conducted with health care professionals from a variety of disciplines: pediatrics, obstetrics and gynecology, infectious diseases, pharmacy, dermatology, general practice. Thematic qualitative analysis was used to analyze participants’ accounts.
Results
Five major themes were identified: health care professionals’ perceptions towards the HPV vaccine (recognition of importance, concerns about safety, effectiveness and impact of long-term use), animosity between medical specialties (territorial disputes among professional bodies, role advocacy, role limitations), health care professionals’ perceptions of the public’s attitudes (effects of cultural beliefs, health professionals’ attitudes, media and family), the role of the state (health policy issues, lack of guidance, unmet expectations) and their own role (provision of health information, sex education).
Conclusions
Health professionals’ concerns, lack of role definition and uniform information provision have led to territorial disputes among professional bodies and distrust among different medical specialties. Positive and negative judgements deriving from a multitude of sources have resulted in the confusion of the general public, as manifested by low vaccination rates. Due to the lack of clear regulation of vaccination prescription, administration and mode of delivery, factors such as lack of knowledge, cultural beliefs and personal attitudes have shaped the vaccination landscape. These factors have neither been explored nor addressed prior to the initiation of this public health effort and as such there is an evident less than efficient use of resources.

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Research article
Migrant integration policies and health inequalities in Europe
Research on socio-economic determinants of migrant health inequalities has produced a large body of evidence. There is lack of evidence on the influence of structural factors on lives of fragile groups…
Margherita Giannoni, Luisa Franzini and Giuliano Masiero
BMC Public Health 2016 16:463
Published on: 1 June 2016

Bulletin of the World Health Organization
Volume 94, Number 6, June 2016, 405-480
http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/94/6/en/

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EDITORIALS
Defining the syndrome associated with congenital Zika virus infection
Anthony Costello, Tarun Dua, Pablo Duran, Metin Gülmezoglu, Olufemi T Oladapo, William Perea, João Pires, Pilar Ramon-Pardo, Nigel Rollins & Shekhar Saxena
http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/BLT.16.176990

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Innovation for healthy ageing: a call for papers
Islene Araujo de Carvalho, Isabella Aboderin, Eri Arikawa-Hirasawa, Matteo Cesari, Yoshiaki Furukawa, Luis Miguel Gutierrez Robledo, John E Morley, Anne Margriet Pot, Jean-Yves Reginster, Greg Shaw, Naoko Tomita & John R Beard
http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/BLT.16.176743

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Charting a path to end the AIDS epidemic
Michel Sidibé
http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/BLT.16.176875

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Research
Recommendations for dealing with waste contaminated with Ebola virus: a Hazard Analysis of Critical Control Points approach
Kelly L Edmunds, Samira Abd Elrahman, Diana J Bell, Julii Brainard, Samir Dervisevic, Tsimbiri P Fedha, Roger Few, Guy Howard, Iain Lake, Peter Maes, Joseph Matofari, Harvey Minnigh, Ahmed A Mohamedani, Maggie Montgomery, Sarah Morter, Edward Muchiri, Lutendo S Mudau, Benedict M Mutua, Julius M Ndambuki, Katherine Pond, Mark D Sobsey, Mike van der Es, Mark Zeitoun & Paul R Hunter
Objective
To assess, within communities experiencing Ebola virus outbreaks, the risks associated with the disposal of human waste and to generate recommendations for mitigating such risks.
Methods
A team with expertise in the Hazard Analysis of Critical Control Points framework identified waste products from the care of individuals with Ebola virus disease and constructed, tested and confirmed flow diagrams showing the creation of such products. After listing potential hazards associated with each step in each flow diagram, the team conducted a hazard analysis, determined critical control points and made recommendations to mitigate the transmission risks at each control point.
Findings
The collection, transportation, cleaning and shared use of blood-soiled fomites and the shared use of latrines contaminated with blood or bloodied faeces appeared to be associated with particularly high levels of risk of Ebola virus transmission. More moderate levels of risk were associated with the collection and transportation of material contaminated with bodily fluids other than blood, shared use of latrines soiled with such fluids, the cleaning and shared use of fomites soiled with such fluids, and the contamination of the environment during the collection and transportation of blood-contaminated waste.
Conclusion
The risk of the waste-related transmission of Ebola virus could be reduced by the use of full personal protective equipment, appropriate hand hygiene and an appropriate disinfectant after careful cleaning. Use of the Hazard Analysis of Critical Control Points framework could facilitate rapid responses to outbreaks of emerging infectious disease.

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Research
Vaccination timing of low-birth-weight infants in rural Ghana: a population-based, prospective cohort study
Maureen O’Leary, Sara Thomas, Lisa Hurt, Sian Floyd, Caitlin Shannon, Sam Newton, Gyan Thomas, Seeba Amenga-Etego, Charlotte Tawiah-Agyemang, Lu Gram, Chris Hurt, Rajiv Bahl, Seth Owusu-Agyei, Betty Kirkwood & Karen Edmond
http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/BLT.15.159699
Objective
To investigate delays in first and third dose diphtheria–tetanus–pertussis (DTP1 and DTP3) vaccination in low-birth-weight infants in Ghana, and the associated determinants.
Methods
We used data from a large, population-based vitamin A trial in 2010–2013, with 22 955 enrolled infants. We measured vaccination rate and maternal and infant characteristics and compared three categories of low-birth-weight infants (2.0–2.4 kg; 1.5–1.9 kg; and < 1.5 kg) with infants weighing ≥ 2.5 kg. Poisson regression was used to calculate vaccination rate ratios for DTP1 at 10, 14 and 18 weeks after birth, and for DTP3 at 18, 22 and 24 weeks (equivalent to 1, 2 and 3 months after the respective vaccination due dates of 6 and 14 weeks).
Findings
Compared with non-low-birth-weight infants (n = 18 979), those with low birth weight (n = 3382) had an almost 40% lower DTP1 vaccination rate at age 10 weeks (adjusted rate ratio, aRR: 0.58; 95% confidence interval, CI: 0.43–0.77) and at age 18 weeks (aRR: 0.63; 95% CI: 0.50–0.80). Infants weighing 1.5–1.9 kg (n = 386) had vaccination rates approximately 25% lower than infants weighing ≥ 2.5 kg at these time points. Similar results were observed for DTP3. Lower maternal age, educational attainment and longer distance to the nearest health facility were associated with lower DTP1 and DTP3 vaccination rates.
Conclusion
Low-birth-weight infants are a high-risk group for delayed vaccination in Ghana. Efforts to improve the vaccination of these infants are warranted, alongside further research to understand the reasons for the delays.

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POLICY & PRACTICE
Priority-setting for achieving universal health coverage
Kalipso Chalkidou, Amanda Glassman, Robert Marten, Jeanette Vega, Yot Teerawattananon, Nattha Tritasavit, Martha Gyansa-Lutterodt, Andreas Seiter, Marie Paule Kieny, Karen Hofman & Anthony J Culyer
http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/BLT.15.155721
Abstract
Governments in low- and middle-income countries are legitimizing the implementation of universal health coverage (UHC), following a United Nation’s resolution on UHC in 2012 and its reinforcement in the sustainable development goals set in 2015. UHC will differ in each country depending on country contexts and needs, as well as demand and supply in health care. Therefore, fundamental issues such as objectives, users and cost–effectiveness of UHC have been raised by policy-makers and stakeholders. While priority-setting is done on a daily basis by health authorities – implicitly or explicitly – it has not been made clear how priority-setting for UHC should be conducted. We provide justification for explicit health priority-setting and guidance to countries on how to set priorities for UHC.

Conflict and Health
http://www.conflictandhealth.com/
[Accessed 4 June 2016]

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Debate
Syrian refugees in Lebanon: the search for universal health coverage
Karl Blanchet, Fouad M. Fouad and Tejendra Pherali
Published on: 1 June 2016
Abstract
The crisis in Syria has forced more than 4 million people to find refuge outside Syria. In Lebanon, in 2015, the refugee population represented 30 % of the total population. International health assistance has been provided to refugee populations in Lebanon. However, the current humanitarian system has also contributed to increase fragmentation of the Lebanese health system. Ensuring universal health coverage to vulnerable Lebanese, Syrian and Palestinian refugees will require in Lebanon to redistribute the key functions and responsibilities of the Ministry of Health and its partners to generate more coherence and efficiency.

Epidemiology and Infection
Volume 144 – Issue 09 – July 2016
http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayIssue?jid=HYG&tab=currentissue

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Short Report
Arboviruses
Potential exposure to Zika virus for foreign tourists during the 2016 Carnival and Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
M. N. BURATTINI, F. A. B. COUTINHO, L. F. LOPEZ, R. XIMENES, M. QUAM, A. WILDER-SMITH and E. MASSAD
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0950268816000649, Published online: 04 April 2016
[No abstract]

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Original Papers
Polio
Effective case/infection ratio of poliomyelitis in vaccinated populations
G. BENCSKÓa1a2 and T. FERENCIa3 c1 id1
a1 Polymer Chemistry Research Group, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
a2 Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
a3 John von Neumann Faculty of Informatics, Physiological Controls Group, Óbuda University, Budapest, Hungary
SUMMARY
Recent polio outbreaks in Syria and Ukraine, and isolation of poliovirus from asymptomatic carriers in Israel have raised concerns that polio might endanger Europe. We devised a model to calculate the time needed to detect the first case should the disease be imported into Europe, taking the effect of vaccine coverage – both from inactivated and oral polio vaccines, also considering their differences – on the length of silent transmission into account by deriving an ‘effective’ case/infection ratio that is applicable for vaccinated populations. Using vaccine coverage data and the newly developed model, the relationship between this ratio and vaccine coverage is derived theoretically and is also numerically determined for European countries. This shows that unnoticed transmission is longer for countries with higher vaccine coverage and a higher proportion of IPV-vaccinated individuals among those vaccinated. Assuming borderline transmission (R = 1·1), the expected time to detect the first case is between 326 days and 512 days in different countries, with the number of infected individuals between 235 and 1439. Imperfect surveillance further increases these numbers, especially the number of infected until detection. While longer silent transmission does not increase the number of clinical diseases, it can make the application of traditional outbreak response methods more complicated, among others.

The European Journal of Public Health
Volume 26, Issue 3, 1 June 2016
http://eurpub.oxfordjournals.org/content/26/3?current-issue=y

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Viewpoint
Public health needs of migrants, refugees and asylum seekers in Europe, 2015: Infectious disease aspects
Jan C. Semenza, Paloma Carrillo-Santisteve, Herve Zeller, Andreas Sandgren, Marieke J. van der Werf, Ettore Severi, Lucia Pastore Celentano, Emma Wiltshire, Jonathan E. Suk, Irina Dinca, Teymur Noori, Piotr Kramarz
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckw023 372-373 First published online: 6 April 2016
Extract
In the first 10 months of 2015 the total number of asylum applications to the European Asylum Support Office (EASO) recorded by European Union (EU) countries exceeded the 1 million mark, an unprecedented level since the establishment of the EU. Syria has been the most common country of origin of asylum applications, followed by Afghanistan and Iraq.1 However, these figures do not take unregistered migrants into account: in the same time period, 500 000 undocumented border crossing detections were recorded on the EU’s external borders, according to Frontex.2 In the light of these developments, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) assessed the public health needs of migrants or individuals that are applying for asylum or refugee status, through: (i) interviews with 14 experts from Member States and Non-Governmental Organizations with first-hand experience working with migrant populations (7–11 August 2015); (ii) a non-systematic review of available evidence (peer-reviewed publications and relevant ECDC risk assessments); and (c) an expert meeting on the prevention of infectious diseases among newly arrived migrants in the EU and European Economic Area (EEA) (12–13 November 2015).3–5
Reception system for newly arrived migrants
A recurrent theme across all the expert consultations conducted by ECDC was the need to establish a reception system for newly arrived migrants. In primary reception centres, a health assessment should be carried out immediately upon arrival. Equipping these reception areas with primary care and public health services facilitates screening, vaccination and treatment (if required) of individuals free of charge. The organisers of reception areas should consider adequately stocking them with rapid tests (e.g. for malaria) and providing instant treatment and care to patients. Such rapid interventions are the best course of action to detect and prevent onwards spread of cases of infectious disease, through the identification and management of infectious diseases with potential for …

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Refugees mental health—A public mental health challenge
Jutta Lindert, Mauro G. Carta, Ingo Schäfer, Richard F. Mollica Eur J Public Health (2016) 26 (3): 374-375 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckw010 First published online: 6 April 2016 (2 pages)

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Refugees’ mental health—a call for a public health approach with focus on resilience and cultural sensitivity
Sofie Bäärnhielm Eur J Public Health (2016) 26 (3): 375-376 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckw055 First published online: 9 April 2016 (2 pages)

Globalization and Health
http://www.globalizationandhealth.com/
[Accessed 4 June 2016]

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Research
Adapting HIV patient and program monitoring tools for chronic non-communicable diseases in Ethiopia
Chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have become a huge public health concern in developing countries. Many resource-poor countries facing this growing epidemic, however, lack systems for an organized and …
Mekitew Letebo and Fassil Shiferaw
Globalization and Health 2016 12:26
Published on: 2 June 2016

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Review
Towards sustainable partnerships in global health: the case of the CRONICAS Centre of Excellence in Chronic Diseases in Peru
Human capital requires opportunities to develop and capacity to overcome challenges, together with an enabling environment that fosters critical and disruptive innovation. Exploring such features is necessary …
J. Jaime Miranda, Antonio Bernabé-Ortiz, Francisco Diez-Canseco, Germán Málaga, María K. Cárdenas, Rodrigo M. Carrillo-Larco, María Lazo-Porras, Miguel Moscoso-Porras, M. Amalia Pesantes, Vilarmina Ponce, Ricardo Araya, David Beran, Peter Busse, Oscar Boggio, William Checkley, Patricia J. García…
Globalization and Health 2016 12:29
Published on: 2 June 2016

Health Research Policy and Systems
http://www.health-policy-systems.com/content
[Accessed 4 June 2016]
Commentary
Public/community engagement in health research with men who have sex with men in sub-Saharan Africa: challenges and opportunities
Community engagement, incorporating elements of the broader concepts of public and stakeholder engagement, is increasingly promoted globally, including for health research conducted in developing countries.
Sassy Molyneux, Salla Sariola, Dan Allman, Maartje Dijkstra, Evans Gichuru, Susan Graham, Dorcas Kamuya, Gloria Gakii, Brian Kayemba, Bernadette Kombo, Allan Maleche, Jessie Mbwambo, Vicki Marsh, Murugi Micheni, Noni Mumba, Michael Parker…
Health Research Policy and Systems 2016 14:40
Published on: 27 May 2016

Infectious Diseases of Poverty
http://www.idpjournal.com/content
[Accessed 4 June 2016]

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Research Article
Productivity losses associated with tuberculosis deaths in the World Health Organization African region
In 2014, almost half of the global tuberculosis deaths occurred in the World Health Organization (WHO) African Region. Approximately 21.5 % of the 6 060 742 TB cases (new and relapse) reported to the WHO in 20…
Joses Muthuri Kirigia and Rosenabi Deborah Karimi Muthuri
Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2016 5:43
Published on: 1 June 2016

International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology
Volume 23, Issue 4, 2016
http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/tsdw20/current
Special Issue: Landsenses ecology and ecological planning toward sustainable development

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Introduction
Landsenses ecology and ecological planning toward sustainable development
Open access
DOI:10.1080/13504509.2015.1119215
Jingzhu Zhaoab*, Xin Liucd, Rencai Dongb & Guofan Shaoe
pages 293-297
ABSTRACT
This paper proposes the concepts and associated contents of landsenses ecology and mix-marching data, and explains the roles of the meliorization model and Internet of Things (IoT) in the landsenses ecology-based land-use planning, construction and management. It also analyses the importance and application approaches of mix-marching data. In the current situation of rapid social-economic, scientific, and technological development, there exists an urgent need for us to further study landsenses ecology and its applications.

Journal of Human Trafficking
Volume 2, Issue 2, 2016
http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/uhmt20/current

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Articles
U.S. State Laws Addressing Human Trafficking: Education of and Mandatory Reporting by Health Care Providers and Other Professionals
DOI:10.1080/23322705.2016.1175885
Holly G. Atkinsona*, Kevin J. Curninb & Nicole C. Hansonb
pages 111-138
ABSTRACT
Human trafficking is a global problem and constitutes a grave human rights violation, affecting more than 20 million individuals worldwide. This brutal crime often results in both short- and long-term physical and psychological harm to its victims. We provide a systematic review of U.S. laws that address education about human trafficking and/or mandatory reporting requirements that affect healthcare providers and other professionals across the United States. Thirteen U.S. states now have laws that address education about human trafficking, while seven specifically require mandatory reporting of minors who are victims of trafficking. The findings are instructive to not only practicing physicians and other professionals, who are now mandated reporters of trafficking victims in some states, but also to regulatory and legislative bodies contemplating enacting such laws in an effort to address trafficking.