Tropical Medicine & International Health
July 2015 Volume 20, Issue 7 Pages 821–966
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/tmi.2015.20.issue-7/issuetoc

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Systematic Reviews
Utilization of maternal health services among adolescent women in Bangladesh: A scoping review of the literature (pages 822–829)
A. S. M. Shahabuddin, Thérèse Delvaux, Saloua Abouchadi, Malabika Sarker and Vincent De Brouwere
Article first published online: 27 MAR 2015 | DOI: 10.1111/tmi.1250
Abstract
Objective
To understand the health-seeking behaviour of adolescent women in Bangladesh with respect to the use of maternal health services.
Methods
Literature review of seven electronic databases: PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge, PsycINFO, Embase, CINAHL, POPLINE and Global Health. Studies published in English between 1990 and 2013 which describe Bangladeshi adolescent women’s healthcare-seeking behaviour during pregnancy, delivery and post-partum were included.
Results
Twelve studies were included in this review. 11 used quantitative methods and one used a mixed-methods approach. All studies included married adolescent women only. Women with lower educational levels are less likely to seek skilled maternal health services than those with higher levels of education. Use of maternal health services is also less common among rural married adolescent women than women in urban areas. Being part of the richest bands of wealth, having had previous experiences of childbirth and higher women’s autonomy positively influence the use of skilled maternal health services among married adolescent women in Bangladesh. Antenatal care is a key predictor of the use of skilled birth attendants for delivery and post-natal care.
Conclusion
Maternal health-related programmes should be designed targeting rural and uneducated married adolescent women in Bangladesh. More qualitative investigations are required to broaden our understanding on maternal health-seeking behaviour of both married and unmarried adolescent women.

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Psychological interventions for Common Mental Disorders for People Living With HIV in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: systematic review (pages 830–839)
Dixon Chibanda, Frances M. Cowan, Jessica L. Healy, Melanie Abas and Crick Lund
Article first published online: 20 MAR 2015 | DOI: 10.1111/tmi.12500

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Pneumococcal carriage in rural Gambia prior to the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine: a population-based survey (pages 871–879)
Effua Usuf, Henry Badji, Abdoulie Bojang, Sheikh Jarju, Usman Nurudeen Ikumapayi, Martin Antonio, Grant Mackenzie and Christian Bottomley
Article first published online: 6 APR 2015 | DOI: 10.1111/tmi.12505
Abstract
Objective
To evaluate pneumococcal colonisation before and after the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) in eastern Gambia.
Methods
Population-based cross-sectional survey of pneumococcal carriage between May and August 2009 before the introduction of PCV into the Expanded Program on Immunization. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from all household members, but in selected households, only children aged 6–10 years were swabbed. This age group participated in an earlier trial of a nine-valent PCV between 2000 and 2004.
Results
The prevalence of nasopharyngeal pneumococcal carriage in 2933 individuals was 72.0% in underfives (N = 515), 41.6% in children aged 5–17 (N = 1508) and 13.0% in adults ≥18 (N = 910) years. The age-specific prevalence of serotypes included in PCV7, PCV10 and PCV13 was 24.7%, 26.6% and 46.8% among children <5 years of age; 8.5%, 9.2% and 17.7% among children 5–17 years; and 2.5%, 3.3% and 5.5% among adults ≥18 years. The most common serotypes were 6A (13.1%), 23F (7.6%), 3 (7.3%), 19F (7.1%) and 34 (4.6%). There was no difference in the overall carriage of pneumococci between vaccinated and unvaccinated children 8 years after the primary vaccination with three doses of PCV (48.3% vs. 41.1%).
Conclusion
Before the introduction of PCV, serotypes included in PCV13 accounted for about half the pneumococcal serotypes in nasopharyngeal carriage. Thus, the potential impact of PCV13 on pneumococcal disease in the Gambia is substantial.